What is Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER)?
According to UNESCO UIS, the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) is a statistical measure used to determine the percentage of a specific age group enrolled in a particular level of education, regardless of age. It’s calculated by dividing the total number of students enrolled in a specific level of education by the population of the age group that corresponds to that level of education, and then multiplying by 100. This indicator is useful to understand the capacity and general level of participation in a particular level of education.
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Dashboard Description
This dashboard presents a comprehensive analysis of gender disparity in Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) across various levels of education in India. The data has been sourced from the most recent Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) 2023–24 and the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) Final Report 2021–22. It covers five key educational stages—Foundational, Preparatory, Middle, Secondary, and Higher Education—providing a clear view of enrolment trends among boys and girls across the academic spectrum. In addition to GER comparisons, the dashboard also includes two important gender-focused indicators: the Gender Parity Index (GPI) and the Directional Gender Gap (DGG).
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What is the Directional Gender Gap (DGG) in GER?
Directional Gender Gap (DGG) is calculated by subtracting the GER of boys from that of girls at different educational levels. It can be mathematically represented as:
DGG = GER(Girls)−GER(Boys)
This measure provides insights into both the magnitude of the gap and the direction of the disparity, indicating whether boys or girls are favoured. A positive value of the gender gap indicates higher enrolment rates among girls compared to boys, while a negative value suggests greater participation by boys.
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What is the Gender Parity Index (GPI) in GER?
The Gender Parity Index (GPI) formula is calculated by dividing the female GER value by the male GER value. It can be mathematically represented as:
GPI = GER(Girls)/GER(Boys)
A GPI of 1 indicates parity in GER between genders, while values above or below 1 indicate a disparity in favor of either females or males, respectively between genders, while values above or below 1 indicate a disparity in favour of either females or males, respectively.
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Source: UDISE+ 2023-24, Department of School Education& Literacy and AISHE 2021-22.
Note: GER is calculated using Pre-Primary enrolments in recognized schools as reported by States/UTs, it excludes for Anganwadi enrolments and enrolments in standalone Private Pre-Primary Schools
Pankaj Chowdhury is a former Research Assistant at the International Economic Association. He holds a Master’s degree in Demography & Biostatistics from the International Institute for Population Sciences and a Bachelor’s degree in Statistics from Visva-Bharati University. His primary research interests focus on exploring new dimensions of computational social science and digital demography.
This article is posted by Sahil Shekh, Editor-in-Chief at 360 Analytika.
