Anaemia is a blood disorder that occurs mainly due to the deficiency of haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells) or the lack of healthy red blood cells. It can caused by various factors, including deficiencies in iron, vitamin B12, vitamin A, and folate; infections such as HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, and parasitic diseases; chronic conditions like Crohn’s disease, kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer; as well as hereditary disorders like sickle cell anaemia, where red blood cells become abnormally crescent-shaped. Symptoms of anaemia include fatigue, lightheadedness, breathing difficulties, rapid or irregular heartbeat, anxiety, cold hands or feet, pale or yellowish skin, and chest discomfort. While mild anaemia can often be treated easily, more severe cases may require comprehensive medical intervention.