Total Internet Shutdowns In India, by State from 2012 to 2024

Jammu and Kashmir (434) reported more than half of all shutdowns recorded nationwide from 2012 to 2024. This high frequency reflects the complex security situation in this region following the abrogation of Article 370 and ongoing security concerns. The magnitude of the difference between Jammu and Kashmir and other states highlights how internet restrictions have become a standard governance tool in regions experiencing political instability. However, Rajasthan ranked second on the list with 104 shutdowns, followed by Manipur with 54. In fact, several states with relatively stable political environments, such as Haryana (42) and Uttar Pradesh (35), also demonstrated alarmingly high numbers of shutdowns, suggesting the normalization of this practice beyond conflict zones. Overall, the northern and northeastern states generally recorded a higher number of shutdowns than the southern states. Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh reported just one shutdown each, while Kerala wasn’t featured on the list at all. This north-south divide raises questions about regional governance approaches and differing thresholds for implementing such measures. The presence of states like Maharashtra (18), Gujarat (11), and West Bengal (23) on the list indicates that economically developed states were not immune to this practice. The data also shows that even relatively small states in terms of population, such as Meghalaya (16) and Tripura (8), have experienced multiple shutdowns.  This pattern of internet shutdowns across different Indian regions raises important questions about their effectiveness as a security measure versus their impact on civil liberties, economic activities, and essential services. The significant variation between states also points to inconsistent application of this extreme measure, suggesting differences in governance approaches to managing public order and security concerns across the country.