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UID: SDG-16-20240822-IN-16
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Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16) is a critical component of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015. This goal aims to promote peaceful and inclusive societies, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels. Achieving SDG 16 is vital for fostering sustainable development, as it addresses critical elements such as reducing violence, ensuring legal identity, and combating corruption, all of which are foundational for the well-being of societies. The significance of SDG 16 lies in its comprehensive approach to peace and justice. With peace, stable governance, and justice, other development goals can be fully realized. Strong institutions are essential for maintaining law and order, protecting human rights, and ensuring the equitable distribution of resources. The indicators under SDG 16 provide a framework to measure progress and identify areas where countries need to improve to achieve sustainable peace and development.
There is significant variation in crime rates and institutional strength across different states and union territories in India. For instance, murder rates per 100,000 population range from 0 in Lakshadweep to 4.3 in Jharkhand. This highlights the diversity of security challenges faced by different regions.
Child-related issues appear to be a concern in many areas. Delhi stands out with 139 cognizable crimes against children per 100,000 population, the highest among all states/UTs. Additionally, missing children rates are alarmingly high in some regions, with Delhi again topping the list at 113.48 per 100,000 child population.
Human trafficking remains a challenge, with some states like Goa (58.44 per 10 lakh population) and Manipur (60.77) showing particularly high rates. This suggests the need for targeted interventions in these areas.
Access to justice, as indicated by the number of courts per 100,000 population, varies widely. While some states like Sikkim and Delhi have relatively high numbers (4.18 and 4.31 respectively), others like Bihar and Assam have much lower figures (1.58 and 1.35), potentially indicating issues with judicial access in these areas.
Corruption appears to be a persistent issue, with cases under the Prevention of Corruption Act varying across states. States like Himachal Pradesh and Odisha show higher rates of such cases, which could either indicate higher corruption or more effective anti-corruption measures.
Birth registration rates are generally high across most states, with many achieving or nearing 100% registration. However, some states like Lakshadweep (64.6%) and Sikkim (65.2%) lag behind, suggesting room for improvement in civil registration systems.
Aadhaar coverage, an indicator of identity documentation, is relatively high across most states. However, some northeastern states like Assam (45%) and Meghalaya (41%) show significantly lower coverage, which could impact access to services and benefits.
Overall, the data reveals a complex picture of peace, justice, and institutional strength across India. While some areas show progress, others face significant challenges, highlighting the need for targeted, region-specific approaches to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 16.
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