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UID: SDG-11-20240822-IN-11
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The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global objectives established by the United Nations in 2015 to address pressing global challenges, including poverty, inequality, and environmental sustainability. SDG 11, “Sustainable Cities and Communities,” focuses on making cities inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Urbanization is a crucial driver of economic growth and development, but it also poses significant challenges, such as housing shortages, pollution, and infrastructure deficits. SDG 11 addresses these challenges by promoting sustainable urban development that benefits all residents.
Housing quality, an essential aspect of sustainable urban living, shows positive trends across most states. The percentage of urban households living in katcha (temporary) houses is remarkably low in many states, with several reporting 0%. However, states like Arunachal Pradesh (8.9%) and Odisha (2.8%) still face challenges in providing permanent housing to all urban residents.
Road safety in urban areas remains a concern for many states. Himachal Pradesh reports an alarmingly high rate of 43 deaths per 100,000 population due to road accidents in urban areas, while states like Nagaland (1.1) and Puducherry (2.6) show much lower rates. This wide disparity indicates the need for targeted road safety measures in high-risk areas.
Waste management shows promising progress in many states. Several states report 100% door-to-door waste collection under the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban), indicating significant improvements in basic urban sanitation. However, the processing of municipal solid waste varies greatly, from as low as 9.1% in West Bengal to 100% in Dadra & Nagar Haveli. Source segregation of waste also shows similar variations, highlighting the need for improved waste management practices in some regions.
Sanitation infrastructure presents a mixed picture. While many states have exceeded their targets for household toilet construction, some like Delhi (15%) and Mizoram (18%) lag significantly behind. The installation of sewage treatment capacity is another area with vast differences – from 0% in several northeastern states to over 100% in Chandigarh and Haryana, indicating potential over-capacity.
Urban drainage facilities, crucial for preventing waterlogging and associated health issues, are well-developed in many states, with several reporting over 90% coverage. However, states like Manipur (33.3%) and Tripura (44.4%) show substantial room for improvement in this area.
The data also reveals interesting regional patterns. Many southern and western states consistently perform well across multiple indicators, while some northeastern states and union territories face challenges in various aspects of urban development. It’s noteworthy that some smaller states and union territories like Chandigarh, Goa, and Sikkim perform exceptionally well across most indicators, possibly due to their smaller size and focused development efforts.
This comprehensive dataset underscores the complex nature of urban development in India. While significant progress has been made in many areas, substantial disparities persist both between and within states. Addressing these disparities will be crucial for achieving the targets set under SDG 11 and ensuring sustainable, inclusive urban development across India. The data suggests a need for targeted interventions, particularly in areas like road safety, waste management, and sanitation infrastructure, with a focus on states that are lagging behind in these crucial aspects of urban sustainability.
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