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Sustainable Development Goal 10: Reduced Inequality in India

UID: SDG-10-20240822-IN-10

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Source

National Data and Analytics Platform (NDAP)

Last Updated

August 30, 2024

Time Range

2020-2020

Periodicity

N.A.

Overview

SDG 10 is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It seeks to reduce inequalities by addressing systemic barriers and promoting policies that ensure equal opportunities and equitable access to resources and services. Sustainable Development Goal 10 (SDG 10) focuses on reducing inequality within and among countries. This goal recognizes that inequality is a significant barrier to sustainable development, affecting economic growth, social stability, and overall well-being. SDG 10 aims to empower and promote the social, economic, and political inclusion of all, regardless of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, economic, or other status. Reducing inequality is crucial for fostering social cohesion and ensuring sustainable development. Inequality often leads to social unrest, hinders economic growth, and perpetuates poverty. By reducing inequalities, societies can create more inclusive environments that support economic prosperity, social stability, and overall well-being for all individuals.

Trends & Insights

One of the most striking observations is the wide disparity in the population belonging to the lowest two wealth quintiles across different states. While some states like Maharashtra (7.6%), Tamil Nadu (5.6%), and Meghalaya (5.2%) have relatively low percentages, others like Tripura (75.2%), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (63.8%), and Uttar Pradesh (62.5%) have significantly higher proportions. This highlights the uneven distribution of wealth across the country and underscores the need for targeted poverty reduction strategies in specific regions.

Gender representation in politics shows mixed progress. While some states like Himachal Pradesh have achieved 100% women’s representation in Lok Sabha elections, many states have zero representation. However, women’s participation in Panchayati Raj Institutions is generally higher, with most states having over 50% of seats held by women. This suggests that while local-level political participation of women is improving, representation at the national level remains a challenge in many states.

The reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST) in State Legislative Assemblies varies widely, from as low as 2.5% in Tamil Nadu to as high as 98.3% in Andhra Pradesh and Uttarakhand. This reflects the diverse demographic composition of different states and the efforts to ensure political representation for marginalized communities.

The ratio of transgender to male Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is generally low across all states, ranging from 0.1 to 1.4. This indicates significant challenges in workplace inclusion and economic opportunities for the transgender community, highlighting an area that requires focused attention to reduce inequality.

Crime rates against Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes also show considerable variation. Some states report zero crimes, which could either indicate effective law enforcement or potential underreporting. States like Mizoram, Sikkim, and Tripura report relatively high crime rates against SCs, while Ladakh reports a high rate against STs. This data underscores the ongoing issues of discrimination and violence faced by these communities and the need for stronger protective measures.

It’s important to note that some states have missing data for certain indicators, which limits our ability to make comprehensive comparisons across all regions. Additionally, the data is from 2020, which coincided with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This may have impacted some of the indicators in ways that are not reflected in this dataset.

In conclusion, while India has made strides in some areas of reducing inequality, such as women’s representation in local governance, significant challenges remain. The data reveals persistent disparities in wealth distribution, political representation, and social inclusion across different states and communities. Addressing these inequalities will require targeted interventions, policy reforms, and continued efforts to ensure inclusive growth and development across all segments of Indian society. Future policy initiatives should focus on reducing wealth disparities, improving political representation for women and marginalized communities at all levels, enhancing economic opportunities for transgender individuals, and strengthening protective measures against discrimination and violence towards SCs and STs.

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Citation

Please cite this article using proper attribution to 360 Analytika when referencing or sharing our content.

National Data and Analytics Platform by NITI Aayog. (2024). Sustainable Development Goal 10: Reduced Inequality (360 Analytika, Ed.) [Dataset]. 360 Analytika. https://360analytika.com/sustainable-development-goal-10-reduced-inequality/

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