A wetland is an area of land that is saturated with water either permanently or seasonally. Wetlands can be found where water accumulates at or near the surface, creating ecosystems that are distinct from both aquatic and terrestrial environments. Wetlands are characterized by the presence of water-tolerant plants (hydrophytes) and specific types of soil (hydric soil) that are formed under wet conditions. Type-wise wetland distribution refers to the classification and spatial distribution of different types of wetlands within a specified area, measured in hectares (ha). Wetlands are categorized based on their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, influencing their ecological functions and services.