Expenditure on Relief for Natural Calamities refers to the financial resources allocated by governments, international organizations, or other institutions to address the immediate and long-term needs arising from natural disasters. This expenditure typically covers emergency response activities such as providing food, shelter, medical aid, and evacuations. It also extends to infrastructure repair, rehabilitation of affected communities, and rebuilding efforts. Relief expenditure is crucial for mitigating the adverse impacts of disasters like floods, earthquakes, cyclones, and droughts and aims to restore normalcy as swiftly as possible. Governments often have specific budgetary provisions for disaster relief, supplemented by international aid and donations during large-scale catastrophes. These expenditures vary significantly based on the disaster’s severity and scale, the affected region’s preparedness, and the available resources. In addition to immediate relief, governments also spend on disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies to reduce future vulnerabilities and long-term recovery costs.