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Crude birth rate (CBR) is a fundamental demographic indicator used to measure the number of live births occurring in a population over a specific period, usually one year. It is expressed as the number of live births per 1,000 people in the total population. Unlike other fertility measures that focus on specific age groups or desired fertility, the CBR provides a broad overview of the birth rate without adjusting for the age structure of the population.
In 1992-93, India’s crude birth rate (CBR) was 28.5 births per 1,000 population. In 2019-21, this figure dropped dramatically to 17.1, representing a 40% decrease over the period. This decline has been steady and consistent across all survey years. The most substantial drop occurred between the 1992-93 and 1998-99 surveys when the CBR fell from 28.5 to 24.8 and recorded a decrease of 3.7 points. Subsequent surveys showed a continued decline from 23.1 in 2005-06, 19.0 in 2015-16, and finally 17.1 in 2019-21.
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