The primary screening test for cervical cancer is the Pap smear (Pap test) and the HPV test. The Pap test detects abnormal cells in the cervix that may develop into cancer. In contrast, the HPV test identifies high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains, the main cause of cervical cancer. Regular screening helps in early detection and timely treatment, significantly reducing the risk of cancer progression. Women aged 21 to 65 are advised to undergo Pap tests every three years or a combination of Pap and HPV testing every five years after 30. Vaccination against HPV further lowers the risk. Early detection through screening improves survival rates and prevents complications, making it a crucial preventive measure.