How Long Indians Live:
Life Expectancy by State, 1993–2023
Life expectancy at birth for men, women and everyone, in rolling five-year periods from the Sample Registration System. See how much longer Indians now live, which States have caught up, and where the gap between women and men stands.
Indians live nine years longer
Life expectancy at birth rose from 61.1 years in 1993-97 to 70.3 in 2019-23. Women gained more (61.8 to 72.5) than men (60.4 to 68.5), widening women’s advantage from 1.4 to 4.0 years.
Lagging States have caught up
Odisha (+13.4 years), Madhya Pradesh (+12.2) and Assam (+11.7) gained most; Kerala, already highest, gained 1.9. Among the 16 States covered since 1993-97, the gap between Kerala and Madhya Pradesh fell from 17.8 to 7.5 years.
Women now outlive men everywhere
In 1993-97 men outlived women in Bihar (by 2.0 years), Uttar Pradesh (1.2) and Madhya Pradesh (0.4). By 2019-23 women live longer in every State, but by only 0.8 years in Bihar against 7.1 in Himachal Pradesh.
A pandemic dent in the north-west
Between 2015-19 and 2019-23, life expectancy fell in Punjab (−2.0 years), Delhi (−1.7) and Haryana (−1.1). Kerala (75.1) still leads; Chhattisgarh (64.6) is lowest, a gap of 10.5 years.