India’s Fertilizers:
Production, Imports and Use
Nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and potash (K) fertilizers, 2014-15 to 2025-26, in thousand tonnes of nutrients. How much India makes, how much it buys abroad, and how balanced its farmers’ fertilizer use is.
Use up 29% in ten years
Fertilizer use rose from 25.6 to 32.9 million tonnes of nutrients between 2014-15 and 2024-25. Production rose faster (34%), so imports fell slightly.
More urea made at home
Nitrogen production jumped from 13.8 to 17.1 million tonnes between 2021-22 and 2023-24, and nitrogen imports fell from 5.6 to 3.7 million tonnes (2020-21 to 2024-25).
Potash left behind
Potash use fell 6% while nitrogen rose 31%. The N:P:K ratio widened from 6.7 : 2.4 : 1 to 9.3 : 3.5 : 1 (11.8 : 4.6 : 1 in 2022-23), far from the recommended 4 : 2 : 1.
Imports surge in 2025-26
In just April–October 2025, nitrogen and phosphate imports already topped the whole of 2024-25, lifting imports to 38% of supply from 29%. Phosphate self-sufficiency fell from 68% to 61% over the decade.